Ingredients
What is niacinamide and what does it do?
Niacinamide is the form of vitamin B3 used in skincare. It is tolerated by almost every skin type and addresses several concerns at once, which makes it one of the most popular actives.
At a glance
- Best for
- Oily and combination skin, enlarged-looking pores, dark spots and uneven tone, sensitive and redness-prone skin
- Typical strength
- 2–5% is enough for most skin; 10% products are common but can sting sensitive skin
- When
- Morning and/or evening, at the serum step after cleansing
- Pairs well with
- Hyaluronic acid, ceramides, retinol, vitamin C, sunscreen
- Caution
- No specific restriction; if a high-strength product causes redness, switch to a lower one
What is niacinamide?
Niacinamide (nicotinamide) is a water-soluble form of vitamin B3. It is a building block of NAD+, a molecule involved in how cells produce energy. In cosmetics it is used in serums, toners and moisturisers; it is a stable molecule that is not easily affected by light or air.
Benefits for skin
Studies show that niacinamide supports the production of ceramides and other lipids that make up the skin barrier, which reduces water loss. In oily skin it helps reduce sebum and makes pores look smaller.
Because it slows the transfer of pigment to the upper layers of skin, it is also used for dark spots and uneven tone; the effect builds up gradually over weeks. Its calming properties make it a frequent choice for redness- and breakout-prone skin.
How to use it
After cleansing, spread a few drops of serum over the whole face, then apply moisturiser. It can be used once or twice a day. Results usually become noticeable after 4–8 weeks of regular use.
A higher percentage does not mean better results. Products around 5% are enough for most people; 10% and above can cause temporary redness or stinging, especially on sensitive skin.
Things to watch out for
Niacinamide is one of the best tolerated actives. Rarely, it can cause redness, itching or a warm feeling; if so, use it less often or choose a lower strength. Topical use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is generally considered safe, but it is still best to check with your doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Can you use niacinamide with vitamin C?
Yes. The belief that they cancel each other out comes from old experiments done at very high temperatures. In today's formulas they can be used together or one after the other in the same routine.
Is niacinamide good for acne?
Because it reduces oil and calms redness, it can help mild to moderate acne-prone skin. It is not enough on its own for severe or scarring acne; see a dermatologist.
How long does niacinamide take to work?
Effects on oil balance and hydration appear within a few weeks; changes in dark spots and uneven tone are usually noticeable after 8–12 weeks of regular use.
This page is general information, not medical advice. If you have a skin condition, are pregnant or take regular medication, talk to a dermatologist before starting a new active ingredient.
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